Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes thiab pob zeb diamond muaj qhov sib piv hardness, tab sis lawv cov ntsiab lus ntawm "nyuaj" txawv. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm khawb hardness (Mohs hardness), pob zeb diamond yog 10, lub siab tshaj plaws ntawm tej yam ntuj tso minerals. Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes tsis muaj tus qauv Mohs hardness tus nqi, tab sis lawv lub peev xwm khawb yog piv rau cov pob zeb diamond. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Vickers hardness (tsis kam rau indentation), pob zeb diamond yog 7140-15300 HV, thaum carbon nanotubes yog kwv yees li 1000-2000 HV. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tau ua ke peb-dimensional covalently bonded carbon nanotubes nrog Vickers hardness ntawm 82.8 GPa. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm toughness, carbon nanotubes yog 100 lub sij hawm muaj zog tshaj hlau thiab yuav stretched. Pob zeb diamond, txawm tias nyuaj, yog nkig heev thiab tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm ib rab rauj.Xaus:Nyob rau hauv khawb hardness, pob zeb diamond ≈ carbon nanotube; Hauv kev cuam tshuam toughness, carbon nanotube tag nrho surpasses pob zeb diamond.
1. Ua ntej, to taub "Hardness": Nws txhais tau hais tias txawv
Xaus:Nyob rau hauv lub neej niaj hnub, lo lus "nyuaj" yeej muaj ob lub ntsiab lus - khawb hardness (hnav tsis kam) thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam. Pob zeb diamond tsuas yog yeej thawj, tab sis poob qhov thib ob.
Ua ntej muab cov pa roj carbon nanotubes thiab pob zeb diamonds sib piv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los qhia meej: dab tsi "hardness" txhais li cas?
Ntau tus neeg yuam kev ntseeg tias qhov nyuaj siab txhais tau tias "tsis tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm rauj." Qhov no yog ib tug misconception.
Kev tshaj lij, hardness feem ntau muab faib ua ob hom:
| Hom Hardness | Kev ntsuas ntsuas | Kev Txhais Lus | Cov ntaub ntawv sawv cev |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scratch Hardness (Mohs Hardness) | Scratch minerals tawm tsam ib leeg kom pom qhov twg tawm qhov cim | "Wear resistance" | Pob zeb diamond, qib 10 (siab tshaj) |
| Vickers Hardness (Kev Taw Qhia Hardness) | Nias lub pob zeb diamond indenter rau hauv cov khoom nto | "Resistance to deformation nyob rau hauv siab" | Pob zeb diamond 7140-15300 HV |
| Impact Toughness | Rauj ntaus, poob xeem | "Resistance to impact" | Pob zeb diamond yog nkig heev thiab shatters yooj yim |
Pob zeb diamond:Mohs hardness 10, siab tshaj ntawm cov ntxhia pob zeb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj "octahedral cleavage" - thaum quab yuam siv rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia, txawm tias me me tuaj yeem ua rau nws sib cais. Sib tsoo pob zeb diamond nrog rauj yuav tawg ua hmoov. Qhov no tsis yog vim nws hardness tsis txaus, tab sis vim nws brittleness siab.
Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes:Ua los ntawm carbon atoms txuas los ntawm C=C covalent bonds, ib qho ntawm cov tshuaj ruaj khov tshaj plaws hauv cov xwm txheej. Lawv Mohs hardness tsis muaj tus qauv tus nqi, tab sis lawv lub peev xwm khawb yog "piv" rau cov pob zeb diamond. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog cov pa roj carbon nanotubes kuj "muaj qhov yoog tau zoo thiab tuaj yeem ncab."
Yuav kom siv ib tug analogy:Pob zeb diamond zoo li ib daim iav - saum npoo yog tawv heev thiab hnav- tiv taus, tab sis nws tawg thaum poob rau hauv pem teb. Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes zoo li cov hlau hlau - lawv tuaj yeem khawb iav, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem khoov, ncab, thiab tsis tawg.
2. Cia cov ntaub ntawv hais: Carbon Nanotubes vs. Pob zeb diamond - Qhov twg muaj zog dua?
Xaus:Hais txog lub zog tensile thiab lub zog tshwj xeeb (lub zog ÷ ntom), carbon nanotubes yog "super fiber" uas pob zeb diamond tsis sib xws. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Vickers hardness, natural carbon nanotubes tsis nyuaj li pob zeb diamond, tab sis cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tau tuaj ze lossis txawm dhau nws.
Cia peb saib ncaj qha ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib piv:
| Performance Metric | Pob zeb diamond | Cov pa roj carbon Nanotube (CNT) |
|---|---|---|
| Mohs Hardness | 10 (siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov minerals) | "Parable" rau pob zeb diamond |
| Vickers Hardness (HV) | 7140-15300 Hv | Kwv yees li 1000-2000 Hv (rau ib lub raj) |
| Tensile zog | ~ 2-3 GPa (qis nrog qhov tsis xws luag) | 50-200 GPa |
| Elastic Modulus | ~ 1.0-1.2 TSI | 1-5 TSI |
| Qhov ntom | 3.5 g / cm³ | 1.3-2.0g / cm³ |
| Lub zog tshwj xeeb (lub zog / ntom) | ~0.6-0.9 GPa·cm³/g | 25-100 GPa·cm³ / g (100 npaug ntawm cov hlau) |
| Yooj yim | Heev nkig, muaj cleavage dav hlau | Nws tuaj yeem ncab thiab khoov |
| Impact Resistance | Yuav tawg los ntawm ib tug rauj | Ultra-siab tawv, tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv |
Ob peb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom zoo:
1. Tensile Strength: Carbon nanotubes yeej kiag li
Lub zog tensile ntawm carbon nanotubes yog 50-200 GPa. Txawm hais tias pob zeb diamond yog ib qho nyuaj, nws tsis zoo ntawm "tiv thaiv qhov nro." Siv ib qho piv txwv: Pob zeb diamond zoo li iav cib - nws tsis tuaj yeem crushed, tab sis nws tawg yooj yim thaum rub.
2. Elastic Modulus: Carbon nanotubes zoo dua me ntsis
Elastic modulus ntsuas "lub peev xwm los tiv thaiv deformation." Pob zeb diamond yog kwv yees li 1.0-1.2 TPa. Tus nqi theoretical rau carbon nanotubes tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5 TPa, nrog rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas feem ntau nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 1-1.8 TPa. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "tuaj", lawv yog roughly sib npaug, nrog carbon nanotubes txawm muaj ib tug me ntsis ntug.
3. Lub zog tshwj xeeb: Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes ua txhua yam
Lub zog tshwj xeeb=lub zog ÷ ceev, ntsuas "yuav ua li cas rub quab yuam ib chav tsev hnyav tuaj yeem tiv taus." Lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm carbon nanotubes yog 100 npaug ntawm cov hlau, ncav cuag 25-100 GPa·cm³ / g. Qhov no txhais tau tias: yog tias koj ua ib txoj hlua los ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes, nws yuav yog 100 npaug zog dua li cov hlua hlau ntawm tib qhov hnyav. Qhov no kuj yog vim li cas cov ntawv tseeb tshiab "Qhov Teeb Meem Peb Lub Cev" tau siv "nano flying blades" los txiav cov nkoj loj, thiab vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias siv cov pa roj carbon nanotubes los tsim "qhov chaw elevator."
4. Ultra-Hard Carbon Nanotubes: Ib qho kev tshawb fawb tshiab
Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb 2022 tau tsim ib qho peb - qhov ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotube sib txuas los ntawm kev suav cov theoretical. Nws Vickers hardness mus txog 82.8 GPa, piv rau cubic boron nitride. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb hauv tib lub xyoo tau kwv yees ob lub metastable ultra{5}}cov roj carbon nanotube polymers nrog Vickers hardnesses ntawm 40.4 GPa thiab 37.1 GPa, feem.
Cov ntaub ntawv no qhia tau hais tias cov pa roj carbon nanotubes tsis tau tsuas yog kov yeej pob zeb diamond nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm toughness, tab sis cov kws tshawb fawb tseem ua rau lawv dhau pob zeb diamond hauv qhov taw qhia ntawm "hardness."
3. Puas yog "Nano Flying Blade" tiag tiag? Muaj zog npaum li cas yog Carbon Nanotubes?
Xaus:Lub "nano ya hniav" los ntawm "Peb- Teeb Meem Lub Cev" uas txiav los ntawm cov nkoj loj yog ua raws cov pa roj carbon nanotubes. Hauv kev muaj tiag, lub zog theoretical ntawm carbon nanotubes yog qhov txaus los "txiav los ntawm cov hlau zoo li av nkos."
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm kev tshawb fawb tshiab "Lub Peb- Teeb Meem Lub Cev," "nano flying blade" tsuas yog ib qho -feem kaum ntawm tib neeg cov plaub hau tuaj yeem hlais lub nkoj loj xws li taum paj. Lub tswv yim no tsis tau conjured tawm ntawm huab cua nyias - nws cov qauv yog cov pa roj carbon nanotube.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem carbon nanotubes ua tiav hauv kev muaj tiag?
100 npaug zog dua hlau:Ib pob ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes nyias dua li tib neeg cov plaub hau tuaj yeem nqa lub tsheb.
Muaj zog dua li cov fiber ntau:Cov pa roj carbon nanotubes yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua qhov paub fiber ntau hauv ob qho tib si lub zog thiab tawv.
Qhov chaw elevator tsis yog npau suav:Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias cov pa roj carbon nanotubes yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua cov cable ntawm "qhov chaw of elevator."
Ntawm chav kawm, qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas rov ua qhov kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb ntawm ib tus neeg carbon nanotube hauv cov khoom siv macroscopic. Qhov no yog qhov teeb meem nyuaj uas cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tab tom ua haujlwm los kov yeej.
4. Yuav ua li cas Tanfeng Cov Khoom Tshiab Tsim Qhov "Super Material"
Shandong Tanfeng New Material Technology Co., Ltd. tab tom hloov cov khoom zoo heev ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes rau hauv huab hwm coj- cov khoom tsim tau, nqa "cov khoom siv super" tawm ntawm chav kuaj.
Txoj kev xav yog ib yam, tab sis tiag tiag siv lub "superpowers" ntawm carbon nanotubes rau cov khoom tiag tiag yuav tsum muaj cov tuam txhab uas txawj loj -scale ntau lawm technology.
Shandong Tanfeng Tshiab Khoom Technology Co., Ltd. yog raws nraim li lub tuam txhab.
Nws ua li cas?Lub tuam txhab tsom mus rau R & D thiab tsim cov pa roj carbon nanotube hmoov, conductive muab tshuaj txhuam, thiab silicon - cov ntaub ntawv carbon anode. Nws cov khoom npog tag nrho ntawm ib qho -walled carbon nanotubes thiab multi-walled carbon nanotubes.
Nws lub peev xwm technical yog dab tsi?
Tuav ntau tshaj kaum tawm patents ntsig txog carbon nanotubes.
Masters ntau yam kev npaj xws li arc tawm, laser ablation, thiab tshuaj vapor deposition (CVD).
Khoom purity Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 98%; hmoov particle loj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5-15 μm.
Cov zis txhua hli ncav cuag 200 tons, twb nyob rau hauv ntau lawm.
Qhov twg siv cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm carbon nanotubes?Cov theoretical Young's modulus ntawm Tanfeng cov pa roj carbon nanotube cov khoom tuaj yeem ncav cuag 5 TPa, nrog lub zog kwv yees li 100 npaug ntawm cov hlau thiab qhov ceev tsuas yog 1/6 ntawm cov hlau. Cov cuab yeej zoo heev no tau siv rau hauv cov haujlwm hauv qab no:
| Daim ntawv thov teb | Kev siv tshwj xeeb | Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Carbon Nanotubes |
|---|---|---|
| Aerospace | fuselage thiab tis structural Cheebtsam | Ultra-lub zog siab + ultra- lub teeb yuag |
| Rail Transit | Cov khoom siv hnyav rau lub cev tsheb ciav hlau | Txo qhov hnyav thaum tuav lub zog |
| Cua zog | Cov hniav loj | Ua rau qaug zog, ua haujlwm ntev |
| Advanced Polymer ntaub ntawv | High -kev ua tau zoo sib xws | Txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab |
| Elastomers | Siab- hnav- cov khoom siv roj hmab ua haujlwm | Txhim kho lub zog thiab hnav tsis kam |
Lub tuam txhab ua raws li lub teb chaws txoj kev loj hlob lub tswv yim rau lub zog tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, nrog rau nws cov lag luam scope radiating thoob teb chaws, aspiring los ua ib tug "advanced khoom muab kev pab cuam thiab technical service provider."
Ib - kab lus cov ntsiab lus:Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb ua pov thawj hauv cov chaw kuaj mob tias cov pa roj carbon nanotubes yog "super fiber," cov tuam txhab xws li Tanfeng Cov Khoom Tshiab tau hloov lawv mus rau hauv cov khoom koj tuaj yeem yuav.
Xaus: Uas Nyuaj? Cov lus teb nyob ntawm seb koj txhais li cas "Hard"
| Yog koj nug txog... | Cov lus teb yog ... |
|---|---|
| Qhov twg yog hnav ntau dua -resistant (scratch hardness) | Pob zeb diamond ≈ Carbon nanotube (piv txwv); pob zeb diamond yog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntxhia hauv ntuj |
| Uas yog ntau resistant rau compression (Vickers hardness) | Pob zeb diamond siab dua, tab sis ultra- cov pa roj carbon nanotubes nyuaj tau los ze lossis txawm dhau nws |
| Uas yog ntau resistant rau nro (tensile zog) | Cov pa roj carbon nanotube yeej tag nrho, ntau lub sijhawm muaj zog dua pob zeb diamond |
| Uas yog ntau resistant rau tej (toughness) | Cov pa roj carbon nanotube yeej kiag li; pob zeb diamond shatters nrog rauj |
| Uas muaj zog zuag qhia tag nrho (kev ua tau zoo) | Cov pa roj carbon nanotube - nyuaj, muaj zog, tawv, thiab hnav |
Qhov kawg xaus yog:
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm kev nkag siab ntawm "hnav tsis kam," pob zeb diamond thiab carbon nanotubes txhua tus muaj lawv qhov zoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "tag nrho txhua yam khoom" - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tensile zog, toughness, thiab lub zog tshwj xeeb - carbon nanotubes yog tus huab tais undisputed.
Pob zeb diamond yog "hnyav tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb," tab sis cov pa roj carbon nanotubes yog "muaj zog tshaj plaws fiber ntau ua los ntawm tib neeg."
Raws li ib tug kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv hais tias: " Pob zeb diamond yog huab tais ntawm yav dhau los; carbon nanotubes yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej."
Thiab raws li cov khoom siv yav tom ntej no yog loj- tsim los ntawm Shandong Tanfeng, peb tuaj yeem hais tias: lub sijhawm ntawm carbon nanotubes tau los txog.