Ntawm tsev neeg ntawm nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes yog ib qho ntawm cov hnub qub dazzling tshaj plaws. Cov khoom siv tubular, tsim los ntawm curling ntawm carbon atoms nyob rau hauv ib tug nanometers los ntawm ob peb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv ntiaj teb me me ". Txij li thaum nws tshawb pom tsuas yog ob peb xyoos dhau los, nws tau tsiv los ntawm chav kuaj mus rau cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, kev hloov siab heev hauv cov teb.
I. LISS txiav txim siab ua tau zoo: "Muaj qhov zoo tshaj" ntawm cov nanotubes
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes feem ntau cov qia los ntawm lawv cov qauv molecular. Nws tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus qauv tubular tubular tsim los ntawm curling ib txheej ntawm graphite. Nyob ntawm txoj kev curling, lawv tuaj yeem cais rau ntau hom xws li hom rooj zaum muaj zog, thiab hom Chairal. Ntawm lawv, rooj plaub zaum hom carbon nanotubes nthuav qhia hluav taws xob zoo heev hauv hluav taws xob, yuav luag cov neeg sib tw uas yog xim tooj liab.
Cov qauv tubular tub xeeb no xaus rau nws ntau cov huab cua: lub tensile muaj zog tshaj 100 zaug uas nws qhov ntom ntom tsuas yog 1/6 ntawm cov hlau; Nws cov thermal conductivity tshaj li ntawm pob zeb diamond thiab yog ob peb zaug ntawm tooj liab; Nws kuj tseem muaj cov kev hloov tau zoo, muaj peev xwm bent mus rau hauv ntau cov duab yam tsis muaj tawg. Txawm tias muaj kev xav paub ntau ntxiv, cov khoom no tsis yog ob qho tib si carbon nanotube tuaj yeem ua ke, ulter conductivity, uas yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom ua tiav hauv cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj.
2. Los ntawm kev kuaj kab mus rau kab ntau lawm: Kev lag luam ntawm kev ua tau zoo
Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov pa roj nanotubes yog cov kabmob cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv ntau thaj teb. Hauv tshav pob hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nws tau suav tias yog tus neeg sib tw muaj zog rau cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv tom ntej. Cov xaim ntawm cov khoom ua ib txwm muaj ua ke yuav tau txais kev tiv thaiv zoo ntawm nanoscale vention tab sis kuj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm stably ntawm ntau dua qhov kub. Tam sim no, pab pawg tshawb fawb hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav cov pa roj carbon monoxotube chips, nrog kev ua tau zoo ncav cuag txoj kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb.
Hauv thaj teb ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw, ntxiv rau cov pa roj carbon nanotubes muaj peev xwm rejuvenate cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj. Ntxiv 0.1% ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes rau cov yas tuaj yeem ua kom nws cov kev txiav txim siab los ntawm ob peb tus cwj pwm ua kom yooj yim thiab kev ua tiav yooj yim ntawm cov yas; Ntxiv rau nws rau pob zeb ua tau tuaj yeem nce lub zog compressive ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm 30%, thiab tseem muab cov pob zeb ua kom zoo nkauj, los saib xyuas cov kev puas tsuaj rau kev puas tsuaj hauv lub sijhawm.
Nyob rau hauv lub zog teb, carbon nanotubes yog cov khoom zoo tagnrho electrode. Cov supercapacitors ua nrog lawv muaj kev them nyiaj ntau dua 10 zaug sai dua li cov roj teeb lithium ib txwm, thiab lub neej tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100,000 zaug; Ntxiv cov pa roj carbon nanotubes rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion tuaj yeem txhim kho kev them nyiaj thiab rho tawm cov roj teeb. Cov ntaub ntawv xeem ntawm qee qhov kev lag luam hluav taws xob tshiab tau qhia tau tias cov roj teeb nrog cov roj carbon na plotite muaj peev xwm ua rau tsav tsheb ntau los ntawm 15%.
3. Unlimited Muaj Peev Xwm Hauv Daim Ntawv Teev Npe
Daim ntawv thov cov ciaj ciam ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes yog tas li nthuav. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws aerospace, lawv tau siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws hnav thiab lub zog ua kom muaj zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, txo qhov hnyav thaum txhim kho cov qauv kev nyab xeeb; Hauv cov teb kho mob, muaj zog ua haujlwm carbon nanotubes tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv yeeb tshuaj, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov chaw cuam tshuam thiab txo kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb ib txwm muaj.
Hauv kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig, cov neeg lim dej ua los ntawm cov nanotubes muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nkauj hlau ions thiab organic paug hauv dej. Cov kev ua tsis tau zoo yog 5-10 zaug uas cov lim ua ib txwm muaj thiab lawv tuaj yeem rov qab siv; Hauv teb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau, thaum ua ke nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lawv tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov, thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Cov pa roj carbon nanotube hloov tau sensor tsim los ntawm qee lub tuam txhab thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem paub 0.1 micrometer-me me deformations, nrog kev rhiab heev dhau ntawm ntawm cov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm cov ntsuas.
4. Cov kev sib tw thiab yav tom ntej: Ua "cov ntaub ntawv super" ib feem ntawm peb lub neej
Txawm hais tias lawv tau kev ua tau zoo heev, cov ntawv thov loj ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanotubes tseem fim qee qhov kev cov nyom. Tam sim no, cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo tseem muaj siab dua, thiab kev sib xws thaum cov khoom lag luam nyuaj; Ntxiv mus, lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb roj ntsha biological tseem yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb ntev thiab pov thawj, uas rau qee qhov txwv lawv daim ntawv thov.
Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev npaj thev naus laus zis, cov teeb meem no tau daws tau yooj yim. Kev txhim kho ntawm catalytic tshuaj vapor deposition txoj kev tau txo tus nqi tsim cov roj carbon nanotubes los ntawm 90% hauv kaum xyoo; Cov lus qhia ntawm kev txawj ntse technology artple tau qhib los tswj hwm cov txheej txheem carbon nanotubes, txhim kho cov khoom lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.
Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, raws li thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv, cov ntxaij vab tshaus cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj heev: los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj heev: ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv rau kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam txuas ntxiv.